History of Pole Dancing Essay Example for Free

History of Pole Dancing Essay Pole dancing is a combination of dance and gymnastics that is an increasingly popular form of fitness and dance. Pole dancers use a vertical pole which is either static or spinning, and train in gyms or dedicated dance studios. It’s no secret that pole dancing really started in the strip clubs. But it has evolved into so much more and pole dancing fitness enthusiasts and schools have been working tirelessly to change the perception to one of a legitimate dance style emphasising the acrobatics and strength. Circus influences such as Chinese pole and other aerial arts have helped along the way, moving it away from the erotic environment. Competitions are usually non-sexual and are judged on tricks and transitions rather than sensuality. Rather than just the gyrating and grinding people expect it to be, pole dancing requires an amazing amount of strength, flexibility and cardiovascular endurance, even a five minute routine is extremely tiring! Obviously in clubs, rather than actual tricks, there is a lot of floor-work and other things that are designed to arouse rather than amaze! Pole dancers use upper body and core strength are the most obvious requirements as there are a lot of climbs, spins and inverting the body weight – it often involves a lot of training to get anywhere near an advanced level. Pole dancing as we see it today originated during the depression in America. The traveling entertainment and carnival troupes would go from town to town. In one of the side tents aside from the main show, girls would dance suggestively on a small stage in front of crowds of cheering men. Sound familiar? Pole dancing gradually moved into to bars in the 1950s as burlesque became more popular and then during the 1980s in North America, became pole dancing and the modern striptease. It was only a decade later that a dancer in Canada started teaching pole dancing for fitness to women who weren’t club dancers. In Australia, the first pole dancing studio, Bobbi’s Pole Studio, opened in Sydney in 2004, closely followed by Pole Divas in Melbourne in 2004 and a national competition followed in 2005. Since then there have been dozens of pole dancing schools opening all over Australia and we boast some of the best pole dancers in the world, including multiple Miss Pole Dance World winner, Felix Cane. We do know that there are different styles of pole dancing including Chinese pole, and Mallakhamb (an Indian sport), neither of which have an erotic component and are mainly performed by men, so obviously pole dancing in different forms has developed around the world over time. The Mallakhamb pole is wide, made of wood and has a wooden ball on the top of it. Chinese Pole is usually performed using two poles, between which the men perform gravity defying acrobatics. During a pole dancing fitness class, which are often similar to aerobics or dance classes in their format, students begin with a cardiovascular warm up, use dynamic stretching and strength drills to prepare and then learn a series of tricks, climbs and inverts and often then put them into a dance routine to practice transitions and develop their endurance. One other thing that is often reported by women who have taken up pole dancing for fitness is a feeling of empowerment and increased confidence. Whether this is because of their developing strength, skill, grace or simply a sense of achievement, differs from student to student. Pole dancing now focuses on the fitness, acrobatics and dance performance aspects and competitions are fierce. Some dancers are lean contortion machines whilst some look like they could be body builders in their spare time. Women and men compete on a regular basis around the world in a number of styles, all with absolutely breathtaking performances. Pole dancing has definitely come a long way from the sexy tent pole dancing where it began!

SICK Score Study Research

SICK Score Study Research Sarah Mohammad Iqbal Chagani This project is pilot study of the clinical student’s preceptor ERC approval research named as â€Å"SICK score study† Introduction to the problem and topic Triaging pediatric patients is a difficult and challenging task as under-triaging could lead to sentinel events and medical errors. Since pediatric patients are more susceptible and less expressive than adult; they deteriorate quickly and many of their signs and symptoms could go either unnoticed or non-prioritized. The increased influx of pediatric patients in ED and changing trends of trained staffing could result in patients being under-triaged or missed resulting in misallocation of limited resources of ED. Numerous scores have been initiated to calculate the severity of illness in children, but all scores have either been introduced in ICU or critical care units. Since Emergency Department serves as the first door to the hospital, it should also have a scoring system so that patients could be sorted accordingly and care is not compromised. WHO has introduced ETAT guidelines for pediatric triage in emergency department but it could only be implemented after proper training and education of staff. A sign of Inflammation in sick children (SICK) score, created by Thompson, has been implemented in ED and is calculated using baseline vital signs and 4 important assessment questions. Since easy to calculate it can be implemented in ED without any specific training as vital signs are taken at the triage and the remaining parameters are verbally assessed but not documented. With this project, if significant sick score could be introduced, children triage could be made efficient and effective. Assessment phase Measurement of vital signs is a routine practice in all triage scales utilized in different hospitals for children visiting emergency department. On previous occasions, it has been seen that a lot of under triaging and over triaging has occurred resulting in missed priority levels of children and patients either being missed or not diagnosed appropriately. On two occasions, oncology pediatric patients were under-triaged resulting in sentinel events of mortality of those children in ED. It is not only important to monitor vital signs at triage but triage staff should be able to calculate severity score so that appropriate allocation of patients could take place. Currently, this hospital utilizes ESI priority system to allocate patients in ED, however, it would be interesting to observe the relationship of SICK score with the outcome of patients and compare it to the Priority levels. Vital signs play a very important role in triaging and disposition decision making of pediatric patients. Respiratory rate, color, nasal flaring all are indicators of pediatric clinical condition, however, pulse oximetry is a non- invasive technique of ruling out the severity of illness in pediatric patients. In a study, pulse oximetry measures were taken to identify the change in treatment plan and decision making of physicians. For 305 patients with Sao2 values less than 95%, the clinicians ordered 81 additional diagnostic tests for 62 patients (20%) and 39 additional treatments for 33 children (11%), and changed or added diagnoses for 25 children (8.2%) (Mower, Sachs, Niscklin, Baraff, 1997). Of this same group, clinicians admitted 50 (68%) children after rechecking the oxygen saturation, whereas 23 children were discharged without having their pulse oximetry rechecked (Mower, Sachs, Niscklin, Baraff, 1997). Furthermore, mortality levels could also be predicted with the vital signs and conscious levels of pediatric patients. Among 1133 patients, abnormality in heart rate and respiratory rates had no effect on the mortality of patients but mortality increased as the age of pediatric patients decreased with Odds ratio being 5.2, 15.4, 42.6, 57.0 and 98.3 (Kumar, Thomas, Singhal, Puliyel Sreenivas, 2003).Unlike heart rate and respiratory rate, abnormal blood pressure, oxygen saturation and conscious levels were found to have a significant (p-value Abnormal vital signs have also been found to have a significant relationship with serious and life threatening infections in pediatric patients. Children with serious infection as compared to minor infection had significantly higher temperature >39C (p,0.001), tachycardia (p,0.001), tachypnea (p = 0.002), oxygen saturations (94% (p2 seconds (p39uC (p = 0.004), tachycardia (p2 seconds (p = 0.001) when compared with minor infection (Thompson, Coad, Harnden, Mayon, Perera Mant, 2009). Planning Phase Purpose The aim of this project is to redesign the triage policy for paediatric patients and all those paediatric patients with higher score will be prioritize earlier for proper disposition and early management, so as to further improve the patient satisfaction and morbidity/mortality outcome. Objectives To predict the disease severity with SICK Score To find association of each independent variable and SICK score with the outcome variable Variables Dependant Variable Outcome of patient Admit Discharge Independent Variable SICK Score Heart Rate Respiratory Rate Temperature Oxygen saturation Systolic BP Capillary Refill Conscious Level Seizures Activity Gender Triage Category Approval and Plan Permissions were taken from ED Clinical Manager and ED Head Nurse to introduce the data collection forms (already approved by ERC AKUH) on the main counter to be attached in the file of all pediatric entries. The Unit Receptionists were informed by Manager and HN regarding the forms and reinforcement was provided by clinical student. E-mails were sent to the rotating PGME pediatric residents and pediatric ED faculty members regarding a brief of the study and requesting for filling of forms. A box was introduced in the pediatric area near the working desk of doctors for collection of data forms. Since the study was already funded by an international agency, therefore, the photocopies of the forms were done by the preceptor as per the need identified by the clinical student. Implementation phase The collected data was entered in SPSS software and codes were given to the categorical data. The sick scores were calculated using software provided by the preceptor. The total forms collected during the three week time was 185 forms but only 100 were included as the remaining had missing information (Diagram 1) The descriptive statistics of the variables revealed mean SICK score of 1.89 and a standard deviation of 0.98with the range between 0.00 – 5.10. Other variable statistics are defined in Table 1. Table 1 As displayed in Table 2, discharge patients accounted for 61% of the population and admission were 39%. It could also be noted that 38% patients lie in the age range 1-5 years and minimum percentage of 6% could be seen in the age range Table 2 On calculating the odds ratio (Table 3), it was found that SICK score had higher odds of 2.123 of patients being admitted to the hospital. Along with this, capillary refill also has higher odds of 2.46 to predict the admission outcome of patient. Table 3 Surprisingly, triage category and conscious levels were found to have no effect on the odds of outcome – indicating either discrepancies in the assessment tool of the study or the training of the triage staff. Consciousness plays a very important role in decision making of the patient but the results of this study are directing towards consciousness level having no effect on the odds of the outcome – which could be an error of the assessment tool. Though the model was 71.7% accurate in predicting the outcome of patient but the results are also implying towards comparing the assessment tool used in the Indian SICK score study and the tool used in this project. Evaluation This project has identified the importance of calculating SICK score in identifying the level of severity of illness in pediatric patients for appropriate triaging and allocation in emergency department. It also indicates that other than the baseline vital signs capillary refill should also be initiated at the triage as on an individual level it has higher odds of determining the outcome of patients. But the results also suggest few errors either in the tool formulated or the triage staff training which needs to corrected before the final study is initiated. Missing values was also a major problem as a lot of forms and patient data had to be removed as the forms were not being filled completely. Recommendation would include comparing the sick score with another simpler scoring system like TOPR and also identifying the relationship between SICK score and the mortality of pediatric patients. References Mower, W. R., Sachs, C., Nicklin, E. L., Baraff, L. J. (1997). Pulse Oximetry as a fifth Pediatric vital sign. Pediatrics. 99(5). 681 – 686. Thompson, M., Coad, N., Harnden, A., Mayon, R., Perera, R., Mant, D. (2009). How well do vital signs identify children with serious infection in pediatric emergency care. Archives of disabled children. 94. 888 – 893. Kumar, N., Thomas, N., Singhal, D., Puliyel, J. M., Sreenivas, V. (2003). Triage score for severity of illness. Indian Pediatrics. 40. 204-210. Retrieved from http://indianpediatrics.net/mar2003/mar-204-210.htm Gupta1 MA, Chakrabarty A, Halstead R, Sahni M, Rangasami J, Puliyel A. et. al. Validation of Signs of Inflammation in Children that Kill (SICK) score for immediate non-invasive assessment of severity of illness. Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2010, 36:35 Bhal S, Tygai V, Kumar N, Sreenivas V, Puliyel JM: Signs of Inflammation in Children that can Kill (SICK score): Preliminary prospective validation of a new non-invasive measure of severity of illness. J Postgrad Med 2006, 52:102-5. Data collection form MR # Age à ¢- ¡ Age bands à ¢- ¡ à ¢- ¡ 1- à ¢- ¡ 12 à ¢- ¡ 60 to à ¢- ¡ >120 months Gender à ¢- ¡ Maleà ¢- ¡ Female Triage Time Triage category (ESI) SICK SCORE Heart rate à ¢- ¡ Respiratory rate à ¢- ¡ Temperature à ¢- ¡ Oxygen saturation à ¢- ¡ Systolic blood pressure à ¢- ¡ CRT à ¢- ¡ ≠¥3 seconds à ¢- ¡ Conscious level à ¢- ¡ Aà ¢- ¡ V à ¢- ¡ P à ¢- ¡ U Seizures à ¢- ¡ Absentà ¢- ¡ Present Outcome à ¢- ¡ Admità ¢- ¡ Dischargeà ¢- ¡ Died Mode of admission à ¢- ¡ Wardà ¢- ¡ PICUà ¢- ¡ NICU

Essay --

Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley was born in Somers Town on August 30th of 1797 in London, England. Shortly after her birth her mother died due to puerperal fever, leaving her father William Goodwin to care for her and her three year old half-sister Fanny Imlay. Elanor Ty said, â€Å"Mary became his favorite child. He called her â€Å"pretty little Mary† and relished evidence of her superiority over Fanny.† At the age of seventeen Mary had her first relationship with a man known as Percy Bysshe Shelley who later became her husband. On a cold stormy night in 1816 Percy and Mary spent their time reading about ghost stories and which later prompted Mary to write her first sketch of what is known as today as Frankenstein or The Modern Prometheus. At a very young age Mary was encouraged by her father to write. She really grew such a interest in writing, by the time she was nineteen years old she was finished one of the most famous novels ever published known as Frankenstein. Mary wrote a total of six other novels including the most famous novel today Frankenstein. Frankenstein still thrills people of all descents young and old with its suspense. In Frankenstein, Mary Shelly analyzes how Victor Frankenstein creates a monster but in doing so the only real monster he created was himself. Early in the book Victor talks about his early childhood and how Elizabeth had gotten adopted in to his family. Frankenstein was four years old when Elizabeth's mother died. She was soon adopted into the Frankenstein family. Victor’s mother thought that one day Elizabeth and Victor should marry one day. Victor and Elizabeth grew up as best friends. He also met a new school mate friend named Henry Clerval. Victor spent his childhood happily with his two good f... ...became obsessed with his studies. He became very ill and created a monster. He then was nursed back to health and was getting better by his friend Henry. Just as you thought everything was getting better terror struck again. He lost his brother William to the monster. By creating this monster Victor became the monster himself. When he created the monster it killed his brother William, which led to the execution of his friend Justine. The monster later killed his old school mate Henry Clerval, and the love of his life Elizabeth which days later caused the death of his Father. Everyone around him that he loved was dying. The monster knew no better, the monster was lonely and had no place to go so it took revenge in Victor, and everything he loved. Victor was the real monster here by creating one. By creating the monster it caused much devastation throughout his life.

The College Choir Concert :: essays papers

The College Choir Concert On Wednesday, May 23rd, I attended the College Choir concert in the Reamer Campus Center. The choir performed a variety of songs, ranging from pieces in Latin to traditional American folksongs. Two of the pieces featured solos, and one even featured percussion instruments. Mrs. Elinore Farnum provided piano accompaniment for each of the songs, and performed beautifully. I was extremely impressed by the talented choir members and their ability to sing such a varied range of songs. The first song, Magnificat in C, was one of the longer songs performed, and featured many solos by Union students. This song is in Latin, but due to the English translation the audience received prior to the performance, we were able to follow along and comprehend the lyrics. This song demonstrated the various parts of a choir and allowed the sopranos, altos, and tenors to express themselves through sectional solos. The second piece, Paratum Cor Meum, was a much shorter piece with very few lyrics. It was interesting to hear a piece by Haydn, since we had discussed this composer in class. I was impressed by the choir members’ ability to remember words in another language, and I enjoyed the sounds of the piano accompaniment. â€Å"Reuben, Reuben† was a much happier song and the first of the songs performed in English; however, my favorite pieces were â€Å"Water Come-A-Me Eye† and â€Å"Great Day!† I especially enjoyed â€Å"Water Come-A-Me Eye† because of the percussion instruments that some of the choir members played. Jasmina Begovic kept a steady beat on the maracas and provided a pleasant accompaniment to the melodies of the choir. The other percussion instruments were equally enjoyable and added an element to the song that other songs did not have. â€Å"Great Day!† was particularly enjoyable because of the fast-paced rhythm and the energy of the performers. This song had a faster tempo than the other songs and was a great way to conclude the concert. Though it seemed as if the entire concert had picked up speed when the choir sang â€Å"Reuben, Reuben,† â€Å"Guantanamera,† and â€Å"Water Come-A-Me Eye† consecutively, the rhythm eventually slowed down when they performed â€Å"Fare You Well,† a traditional American folksong with a rather melancholy sound to it.

Human Gene Therapy Essay -- Genetics Science Biology Essays

Human Gene Therapy Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was discovered in 1944 by Avery and colleagues. Avery identified DNA as the primary genetic material. Watson and Crick later discovered the double helix structure of DNA. Leder and co-workers deciphered the triple nucleotide code that designated the amino acids from which proteins were built. The science of molecular biology was born (Sokol, Gewirtz, 1996). In 1990 a four year old girl who was suffering from severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) was the first to undergo gene therapy. White blood cells were removed from the girl and the cells were inserted with normal copies of the defective gene and returned into the girls circulation. Her condition improved with four treatments and follow-up treatments (Anderson, 1995). Cystic fibrosis (CF), the most common fatal genetic disease among Caucasians in the United States, afflicts about 30,000 people worldwide. The faulty gene, CFTR, transfers salts across cell membranes, which causes mucus buildup in many t issues, particularly in the lungs. Infections lead to early death, usually by age 30. Cystic fibrosis currently has no effective treatment. Since the cystic fibrosis gene was cloned in 1989 this has led researchers to look for treatments through gene therapy ( Stanford, 1996). CF appears to be suitable for treatment by gene therapy: It is a monogenic, recessive disorder; The function of the CFTR gene product is known, facilitating measurement of gene transfer; The principal target cells, the airway epithelia, are accessible by minimally invasive procedures; Several transgenic mouse models for developing and testing procedures prior to clinical evaluation are available; here is a relatively large cohort of patients wil... ...l. Nichols, E. K. Human Gene Therapy. 162-164. (Harvard University Press, 1988). Schmeck, H. 1991. The future of genetic research. Howard Hughes Medical Institute. http://www.mit.edu:8001/afs/athena/course/other/esgbio/www/mg/future.html. Sokol, D. L., A. M. Gewirtz. 1996. Gen therapy: basic concepts and recent advances. Critical Reviews in Eukaryotic Gene Expression, 6(1):29-57. Walters, L. 1996. The Ethics of Human Gene Therapy. Nature 225-227. Gene Therapy for Human patients Information for the General Public. 1990 Department of Health and Human Services. Public health Service National Institutes of Health. Genzyme, http://www.genzyme.com/company/lines/rdgt/welcome.htm. Spector, R.; M. A. Malone. 1996. Stanford University Medical Center Office of communications. http://www.med.stanford.edu/center/Communications/Pressrel/October96/cfgene.html.

Describe Australia’s Consitution

On the 1st January 1901 Australia became one nation. Prior to this Australia consisted of six separate colonies who all answered to British authority. The British government then passed the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act 1900 (UK) and federation was achieved. The British government had provided Australia with a constitution which was a set of rules which the government had to follow in order to run the country. Parts of the constitution include the division of power between the different levels of government and the establishment of the High Court.Australia is a constitutional monarch. This is a form of government in which a monarch acts as head of state and because the British monarchy still plays a role in the Australian parliament, the government has a Governor-General. The Governor-General is the representative of the monarch or head of state (now Queen Elizabeth II). He or she exercises the supreme power of the Commonwealth. The constitution grants the Governor-Gener al a wide range of powers. The most important power the Governor-General has is found in section 58 of the constitution. When a proposed law passed by both Houses of Parliament is presented to the Governor-General for the Queen's assent, he shall declare †¦ that he assents in the Queen's name. † This means they have the power to decide which laws come into force. The constitution divides up the powers between the federal government and the states. This is covered in Chapter 1, Part V in sections 51 to 60. It specifies the legislative powers of the federal parliament which enables them to make laws.Section 52 outlines the exclusive powers of the federal government. The state parliament was given residual powers, these are the remaining matters which are not referred to in the constitution on which the states can legislate. The federal parliament was given the power to make laws on all matters listed in section 51. The state government can also make laws in many of the area s listed in section 51. This is an example of concurrent power which are powers held by both the state and federal parliaments.Each state has its own constitution along with residual powers. Some of the main powers of the state governments are in the areas of crime hospitals and public transport. When there is conflict between federal and state governments the solution is found in section 109 which states ‘When a law of a State is inconsistent with a law of the Commonwealth, the latter shall prevail, and the former shall, to the extent of the inconsistency be invalid’. This means that federal overrules state.According to section 51, the federal government can pass laws on foreign relations and trade and commerce around the world, taxation, currency, immigration and emigration etc. They also have the power to pass laws on the naval and military defence of the commonwealth, naturalization and aliens and the provision of maternity allowances. This is just a handful of what the many areas listed in section 51 are. Overall the entire Australian government answers to the constitution. This constitution combined six colonies into one country. A country that is now one of the most powerful countries in the world.

Identify the cohort group Essay

I belong to the Cohort group called the Boomers. I am a loving mother of two kids, who wants to see and wishes my children to graduate from college. I am not just a full time student, but also a full time employee for a school system. I am a real diligent student who wants to finish school in the next three years, even if working hard as an employee only earns me a little more money, just barely enough for my family’s living. I do value health very much and wishes to have a peace of mind. When it comes to working, I never waste a minute and I see to it that I am always on time. Greeting my team members is a must for me and having a personal interest in their welfare is also important for me. This probably has something to do with my instinct or feelings as a mother. My family strengthens me to work harder and gives me the enthusiasm when it comes to understanding and helping others. I am a hard-worker that I always have the strength to do my tasks as an employee and as a student, even if I just finished doing all the household chores. My good and strong educational background reinforces me to be dependable. You can always count on me whenever you have problems or worries, whether it may be about work, family, education or other personal issues. I am honest and trustworthy when it comes to issues and relationships that a lot of my co-workers and fellow students confide in me with ease. I wish to be successful not only as a mother, a student or a worker but an individual as a whole. I expect my work values to incorporate more balance when it comes to my work and personal life, though giving priority to my family more would also be possible and acceptable for me in the future. I also expect my work values to be flexible and be enhanced further to work out any obstacle that I might encounter in the next five or ten years. Reference: Miller, G. (1998). Handbook of Research Methods in Public Administration. New York, USA: Marcel Dekker Incorporated.